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Real effective exchange rates for 178 countries: a new database

Is Europe ready for the challenges of 2025 and beyond?

European natural gas imports

This dataset aggregates daily data on European natural gas import flows and storage levels.

Finance for nature: how to improve funding for the protection of biodiversity

This policy brief summarises the options and outlines the main considerations in finding better ways to value nature

Vote, protect, prepare: 2024 in review

Europe’s tumultuous year of leadership change, climate challenge and the rise of industrial policy

The US defence industrial base can no longer reliably supply Europe

Europe has long relied on US weapons but the US military industrial base faces constraints and its production may be redirected elsewhere

Long-term care policies in practice: a European perspective

A comprehensive study of the long-term care (LTC) systems in Germany, France, Slovenia, Italy and Denmark

Incorporating political risk into analysis of sovereign debt sustainability

Political risk is not taken into account when assessing whether countries can manage their debts, but it could be and should be