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Isabel Vansteenkiste is Director General for International and European Relations at the European Central Bank (ECB). Isabel has worked at the ECB since 2002. Previously she held the position of Deputy Director General in the Directorate Monetary Policy and in the Directorate General Economics. In the latter she was senior advisor for the preparation of Governing Council meetings and Head of the Country Surveillance Division, which assesses euro area countries’ economic policies. She was also the ECB’s mission chief to Portugal from 2014 to 2017. Isabel’s main fields of research interests are international macroeconomics, applied macroeconomics and monetary economics. She is also a visiting professor at College of Europe. Isabel holds a PhD degree in Economics from the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven.