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Charlotte Gardes is a Climate change, energy and financial stability expert in the IMF’s Monetary and Capital Markets Department, in charge of climate finance policy, surveillance and technical advice, primarily in emerging markets and developing economies; sustainable finance policy work at global level; and climate risk analysis from a markets and financial stability perspective. Prior to joining the IMF, she was Deputy Head of Unit in the Economic Financing Department of the French Treasury, in charge of sustainable finance and climate risk for financial institutions. In that position, she negotiated and drafted numerous EU and French regulations related to the private financing of the energy transition (taxonomies, disclosures, risk management, …) and was the rapporteur for Patrick de Cambourg’s task force on climate data and disclosures (in France and then within the EFRAG). She worked on numerous projects for the decarbonization of the Paris marketplace, where she was in charge of drafting coal divestment policy recommendations, fossil fuel-related policies, data analysis and setting up climate alignment methodologies for financial institutions. She also worked on the green conditionality of Covid-19 subsidy packages with the State Participation Agency, and led prospective analysis on financial regulatory issues related to biodiversity erosion, prefiguring the Task Force on Nature-Related Financial Disclosure. In that capacity, she represented the Treasury in various committees, including the securities markets and banking supervisors’ climate committees, where she notably participated to the pilot climate stress test. She started her career in the International Regulatory Affairs Department of the French Securities Markets Authority. She has held various teaching positions over the years, notably in environmental and development economics at Sciences Po Paris and the Sorbonne, and she is a member of several research groups and committees on climate risks and decarbonization-related topics. Charlotte holds Master's degrees from Sciences Po Paris, the Sorbonne University and Paris- II Assas University in macrofinancial economics and securities and markets law. She is currently a Ph.D. candidate in environmental and financial economics.